Affirmative action in the United States
Affirmative action in the United States is a set of laws, policies, guidelines and administrative practices "intended to end and correct the effects of a specific form of discrimination" [1] that include government-mandated, government-sanctioned and voluntary private programs. The programs tend to focus on access to education and employment, granting special consideration to historically excluded groups, specifically racial minorities or women . [1] [2] The impetus toward affirmative action is redressing the disadvantages [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] associated with past and present discrimination. [8] Further impetus is a desire to ensure public institutions, such as universities, hospitals, and police forces, are more representative of the populations they serve. [9]
Page Revisions
| Year | Metadata | Sections | Top Words | First Paragraph |
| 2018 |
434656 characters 42 sections 103 paragraphs 4 images 926 internal links 196 external links |
3. Arguments in favor of affirmative action 4. Arguments against affirmative action |
affirmative 0.629 action 0.412 discrimination 0.221 executive 0.113 court 0.109 race 0.106 americans 0.105 policies 0.089 black 0.087 racial 0.082 quotas 0.082 employment 0.077 rights 0.077 asian 0.075 university 0.067 |
Affirmative action in the United States is a set of laws, policies, guidelines and administrative practices "intended to end and correct the effects of a specific form of discrimination" [1] that include government-mandated, government-sanctioned and voluntary private programs. The programs tend to focus on access to education and employment, granting special consideration to historically excluded groups, specifically racial minorities or women . [1] [2] The impetus toward affirmative action is redressing the disadvantages [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] associated with past and present discrimination. [8] Further impetus is a desire to ensure public institutions, such as universities, hospitals, and police forces, are more representative of the populations they serve. [9] |
| 2017 |
420420 characters 40 sections 91 paragraphs 3 images 918 internal links 191 external links |
3. Arguments in favor of affirmative action 4. Arguments against affirmative action |
affirmative 0.627 action 0.414 discrimination 0.227 executive 0.122 race 0.101 americans 0.098 court 0.098 policies 0.087 quotas 0.086 racial 0.084 black 0.083 employment 0.080 rights 0.080 color 0.079 contractors 0.069 |
Affirmative action in the United States is a set of laws, policies, guidelines, and administrative practices "intended to end and correct the effects of a specific form of discrimination." [1] These include government-mandated, government-sanctioned, and voluntary private programs that tend to focus on access to education and employment, specifically granting special consideration to historically excluded groups such as racial minorities or women. [1] [2] The impetus toward affirmative action is redressing the disadvantages [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] associated with past and present discrimination. [8] Further impetus is a desire to ensure public institutions, such as universities, hospitals, and police forces, are more representative of the populations they serve. [9] |
| 2016 |
415695 characters 40 sections 90 paragraphs 3 images 912 internal links 188 external links |
3. Arguments in favor of affirmative action 4. Arguments against affirmative action |
affirmative 0.625 action 0.413 discrimination 0.228 executive 0.123 americans 0.101 race 0.101 court 0.098 policies 0.088 quotas 0.086 black 0.086 racial 0.084 employment 0.080 rights 0.080 color 0.079 contractors 0.069 |
Affirmative action in the United States is a set of laws, policies, guidelines, and administrative practices "intended to end and correct the effects of a specific form of discrimination." [1] These include government-mandated, government-sanctioned, and voluntary private programs that tend to focus on access to education and employment, specifically granting special consideration to historically excluded groups such as racial minorities or women. [1] [2] The impetus toward affirmative action is redressing the disadvantages [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] associated with past and present discrimination. [8] Further impetus is a desire to ensure public institutions, such as universities, hospitals, and police forces, are more representative of the populations they serve. [9] |
| 2015 |
394157 characters 39 sections 84 paragraphs 3 images 894 internal links 174 external links |
3. Arguments in favor of affirmative action 4. Arguments against affirmative action |
affirmative 0.641 action 0.423 discrimination 0.215 executive 0.122 americans 0.108 race 0.102 court 0.085 color 0.082 employment 0.077 rights 0.077 racial 0.072 asian 0.069 policies 0.068 quotas 0.067 contractors 0.062 |
Affirmative action in the United States tends to focus on issues such as education and employment, specifically granting special consideration to racial minorities, Native Americans, and women who have been historically excluded groups in America. [1] Reports have shown that minorities and women have faced discrimination in schools and businesses for many years and this discrimination produced unfair advantages for whites and males in education and employment. [2] The impetus toward affirmative action is redressing the disadvantages [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] associated with past and present discrimination. [8] Further impetus is a desire to ensure public institutions, such as universities, hospitals, and police forces, are more representative of the populations they serve. [9] |
| 2014 |
270455 characters 33 sections 76 paragraphs 2 images 718 internal links 90 external links |
3. Arguments in favor of affirmative action 4. Arguments against affirmative action |
affirmative 0.655 action 0.433 discrimination 0.176 executive 0.109 race 0.107 americans 0.082 employment 0.078 rights 0.078 color 0.074 women 0.074 racial 0.073 quotas 0.072 truman 0.072 court 0.069 contractors 0.068 |
In the United States, affirmative action refers to equal opportunity employment measures that Federal contractors and subcontractors are legally required to adopt. These measures are intended to prevent discrimination against employees or applicants for employment on the basis of "color, religion, sex, or national origin". [1] [2] Examples of affirmative action offered by the United States Department of Labor include outreach campaigns, targeted recruitment , employee and management development , and employee support programs. [2] |
| 2013 |
252791 characters 29 sections 59 paragraphs 3 images 709 internal links 79 external links |
3. Arguments in favor of affirmative action 4. Arguments against affirmative action |
affirmative 0.640 action 0.428 discrimination 0.192 race 0.120 executive 0.119 color 0.088 racial 0.086 employment 0.085 rights 0.081 quotas 0.078 contractors 0.074 americans 0.069 creed 0.068 truman 0.068 president 0.068 |
In the United States, affirmative action refers to equal opportunity employment measures that Federal contractors and subcontractors are legally required to adopt. These measures are intended to prevent discrimination against employees or applicants for employment on the basis of "color, religion, sex, or national origin". [1] [2] Examples of affirmative action offered by the United States Department of Labor include outreach campaigns, targeted recruitment , employee and management development , and employee support programs. [2] |
| 2012 |
200005 characters 19 sections 37 paragraphs 3 images 671 internal links 70 external links |
3. Arguments in favor of affirmative action 4. Arguments against affirmative action |
affirmative 0.670 action 0.446 race 0.121 discrimination 0.120 color 0.097 admissions 0.096 university 0.089 preferred 0.088 racial 0.087 court 0.086 african 0.078 texas 0.077 preferences 0.076 americans 0.071 li 0.063 |
In the United States, affirmative action refers to equal opportunity employment measures that Federal contractors and subcontractors are legally required to adopt. These measures are intended to prevent discrimination against employees or applicants for employment, on the basis of "color, religion, sex, or national origin". [1] [2] Examples of affirmative action offered by the United States Department of Labor include outreach campaigns, targeted recruitment , employee and management development , and employee support programs. [2] |
| 2011 |
182747 characters 17 sections 33 paragraphs 3 images 669 internal links 55 external links |
3. Arguments in favor of affirmative action 4. Arguments against affirmative action |
affirmative 0.679 action 0.453 discrimination 0.128 race 0.106 color 0.104 preferred 0.094 african 0.083 admissions 0.076 americans 0.076 court 0.073 racial 0.071 li 0.067 merit 0.067 creed 0.067 quotas 0.067 |
In the United States, affirmative action refers to equal opportunity employment measures that Federal contractors and subcontractors are legally required to adopt. These measures are intended to prevent discrimination against employees or applicants for employment, on the basis of "color, religion, sex, or national origin". [1] [2] Examples of affirmative action offered by the United States Department of Labor include outreach campaigns, targeted recruitment , employee and management development , and employee support programs. [2] |
| 2010 |
175902 characters 16 sections 32 paragraphs 3 images 669 internal links 50 external links |
3. Arguments in favor of affirmative action 4. Arguments against affirmative action |
affirmative 0.683 action 0.456 discrimination 0.138 race 0.114 color 0.112 preferred 0.101 admissions 0.082 merit 0.072 creed 0.072 quotas 0.072 racial 0.070 court 0.069 opponents 0.069 origin 0.066 class 0.061 |
In the United States, affirmative action refers to equal opportunity employment measures that Federal contractors and subcontractors are legally required to adopt. These measures are intended to prevent discrimination against employees or applicants for employment, on the basis of "color, religion, sex, or national origin" [1] [2] . Examples of affirmative action offered by the United States Department of Labor include outreach campaigns, targeted recruitment , employee and management development , and employee support programs. [2] |
| 2009 |
163673 characters 16 sections 30 paragraphs 4 images 682 internal links 40 external links |
3. Positions against affirmative action |
affirmative 0.701 action 0.467 discrimination 0.118 race 0.117 preferred 0.094 opponents 0.091 connerly 0.083 color 0.080 admissions 0.076 michigan 0.074 court 0.073 merit 0.067 supreme 0.061 california 0.060 gender 0.057 |
In the United States, affirmative action refers to policies that take gender, race, or ethnicity into account in an attempt to promote equal opportunity and increase ethnic diversity in workplaces and schools. The focus of such policies ranges from employment and public contracting goals, to educational outreach and health programs. The impetus towards affirmative action is twofold: to maximize diversity and its presumed benefits in all levels of society, and to redress perceived disadvantages due to overt, institutional, or involuntary discrimination. |
| 2008 |
144795 characters 13 sections 37 paragraphs 4 images 670 internal links 31 external links |
affirmative 0.683 action 0.464 discrimination 0.128 race 0.120 preferred 0.101 opponents 0.098 connerly 0.090 gender 0.076 michigan 0.071 diverse 0.069 admissions 0.069 california 0.065 class 0.061 court 0.059 racial 0.059 |
Affirmative action in the United States refers to policies that take gender, race, or ethnicity into account in order to promote equal opportunity. The focus of such policies ranges from employment and public contracting goals to educational outreach and health programs. The impetus towards affirmative action is twofold: to maximize the benefits of diversity in all levels of society, and to redress disadvantages due to overt, institutional, or involuntary discrimination. |
|
| 2007 |
87794 characters 19 sections 36 paragraphs 4 images 157 internal links 55 external links |
affirmative 0.592 action 0.405 preferential 0.201 quotas 0.201 minorities 0.165 racial 0.131 discrimination 0.130 treatment 0.130 aa 0.128 network 0.128 boy 0.091 argument 0.081 diversity 0.081 gurin 0.073 university 0.061 |
Affirmative action in the United States is a policy or a program intended to promote access to education, employment, or housing among certain designated groups (typically, minorities or women ). The stated motivation for affirmative action policies is to redress the effects of past discrimination and to encourage public institutions such as universities , hospitals and police forces to be more representative of the population. It is commonly achieved through targeted recruitment programs, by preferential treatment given to applicants from designated groups, and in some cases through the use of quotas. |
|
| 2006 |
62766 characters 18 sections 31 paragraphs 1 images 88 internal links 45 external links |
affirmative 0.618 action 0.414 preferential 0.203 quotas 0.183 minorities 0.147 discrimination 0.145 aa 0.142 network 0.142 treatment 0.122 racial 0.113 boy 0.102 argument 0.091 americans 0.068 whites 0.067 tuition 0.062 |
Affirmative action is a policy or a program of giving preferential treatment to certain designated groups allegedly seeking to redress discrimination or bias through active measures, as in education and employment. Proponents of affirmative action generally advocate it either as a means to address past or present discrimination or to enhance racial, ethnic, gender, or other diversity. [1] |