Intelligence quotient
An intelligence quotient ( IQ ) is a total score derived from several standardized tests designed to assess human intelligence . The abbreviation "IQ" was coined by the psychologist William Stern for the German term Intelligenzquotient , his term for a scoring method for intelligence tests at University of Breslau he advocated in a 1912 book. [1] Historically, IQ is a score obtained by dividing a person's mental age score, obtained by administering an intelligence test, by the person's chronological age, both expressed in terms of years and months. The resulting fraction is multiplied by 100 to obtain the IQ score. [2] When current IQ tests were developed, the median raw score of the norming sample is defined as IQ 100 and scores each standard deviation (SD) up or down are defined as 15 IQ points greater or less, [3] although this was not always so historically. By this definition, approximately two-thirds of the population scores are between IQ 85 and IQ 115. About 2.5 percent of the population scores above 130, and 2.5 percent below 70. [4] [5]
Page Revisions
| Year | Metadata | Sections | Top Words | First Paragraph |
| 2018 |
468544 characters 50 sections 105 paragraphs 8 images 255 internal links 317 external links |
3. Test bias or differential item functioning |
iq 0.696 intelligence 0.370 heritability 0.111 flynn 0.095 0 0.094 cognitive 0.090 genes 0.087 binet 0.082 correlation 0.082 iqs 0.079 wechsler 0.079 abilities 0.079 theory 0.079 tests 0.077 fluid 0.070 |
An intelligence quotient ( IQ ) is a total score derived from several standardized tests designed to assess human intelligence . The abbreviation "IQ" was coined by the psychologist William Stern for the German term Intelligenzquotient , his term for a scoring method for intelligence tests at University of Breslau he advocated in a 1912 book. [1] Historically, IQ is a score obtained by dividing a person's mental age score, obtained by administering an intelligence test, by the person's chronological age, both expressed in terms of years and months. The resulting fraction is multiplied by 100 to obtain the IQ score. [2] When current IQ tests were developed, the median raw score of the norming sample is defined as IQ 100 and scores each standard deviation (SD) up or down are defined as 15 IQ points greater or less, [3] although this was not always so historically. By this definition, approximately two-thirds of the population scores are between IQ 85 and IQ 115. About 2.5 percent of the population scores above 130, and 2.5 percent below 70. [4] [5] |
| 2017 |
448970 characters 49 sections 105 paragraphs 7 images 250 internal links 286 external links |
3. Test bias or differential item functioning |
iq 0.693 intelligence 0.376 heritability 0.116 0 0.103 variance 0.094 binet 0.086 correlation 0.086 genes 0.083 iqs 0.083 wechsler 0.083 cognitive 0.079 flynn 0.075 theory 0.074 abilities 0.072 tests 0.069 |
An intelligence quotient ( IQ ) is a total score derived from several standardized tests designed to assess human intelligence . The abbreviation "IQ" was coined by the psychologist William Stern for the German term Intelligenzquotient , his term for a scoring method for intelligence tests at University of Breslau he advocated in a 1912 book. [1] Historically, IQ is a score obtained by dividing a person’s mental age score, obtained by administering an intelligence test, by the person’s chronological age, both expressed in terms of years and months. The resulting fraction is multiplied by 100 to obtain the IQ score. [2] When current IQ tests were developed, the median raw score of the norming sample is defined as IQ 100 and scores each standard deviation (SD) up or down are defined as 15 IQ points greater or less, [3] although this was not always so historically. By this definition, approximately two-thirds of the population scores are between IQ 85 and IQ 115. About 2.5 percent of the population scores above 130, and 2.5 percent below 70. [4] [5] |
| 2016 |
419862 characters 45 sections 98 paragraphs 6 images 242 internal links 267 external links |
3. Test bias or differential item functioning |
iq 0.709 intelligence 0.353 heritability 0.121 0 0.107 variance 0.098 genes 0.095 correlation 0.090 wechsler 0.087 cognitive 0.086 abilities 0.079 flynn 0.078 iqs 0.078 binet 0.078 theory 0.077 fluid 0.070 |
An intelligence quotient ( IQ ) is a total score derived from one of several standardized tests designed to assess human intelligence . The abbreviation "IQ" was coined by the psychologist William Stern for the German term Intelligenzquotient , his term for a scoring method for intelligence tests he advocated in a 1912 book. [1] Historically, IQ is a score obtained by dividing a person’s mental age score, obtained by administering an intelligence test, by the person’s chronological age, both expressed in terms of years and months. The resulting fraction is multiplied by 100 to obtain the IQ score. [2] When current IQ tests were developed, the median raw score of the norming sample is defined as IQ 100 and scores each standard deviation (SD) up or down are defined as 15 IQ points greater or less, [3] although this was not always so historically. By this definition, approximately two-thirds of the population scores between IQ 85 and IQ 115. About 5 percent of the population scores above 125, and 5 percent below 75. [4] [5] |
| 2015 |
405204 characters 43 sections 95 paragraphs 6 images 228 internal links 252 external links |
iq 0.716 intelligence 0.333 heritability 0.124 0 0.114 variance 0.100 genes 0.097 wechsler 0.097 correlation 0.092 flynn 0.089 cognitive 0.088 binet 0.080 abilities 0.074 fluid 0.071 iqs 0.071 theory 0.070 |
An intelligence quotient ( IQ ) is a score derived from one of several standardized tests designed to assess human intelligence . The abbreviation "IQ" was coined by the psychologist William Stern for the German term Intelligenzquotient , his term for a scoring method for intelligence tests he advocated in a 1912 book. [1] When current IQ tests are developed, the median raw score of the norming sample is defined as IQ 100 and scores each standard deviation (SD) up or down are defined as 15 IQ points greater or less, [2] although this was not always so historically. By this definition, approximately two-thirds of the population scores between IQ 85 and IQ 115. About 5 percent of the population scores above 125, and 5 percent below 75. [3] [4] |
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| 2014 |
391858 characters 44 sections 99 paragraphs 7 images 248 internal links 228 external links |
iq 0.720 intelligence 0.350 0 0.122 genes 0.110 heritability 0.110 correlation 0.100 variance 0.096 wechsler 0.093 cognitive 0.085 binet 0.082 flynn 0.076 fluid 0.075 abilities 0.067 psychological 0.062 tests 0.061 |
An intelligence quotient , or IQ , is a score derived from one of several standardized tests designed to assess human intelligence . The abbreviation "IQ" was coined by the psychologist William Stern for the German term Intelligenz-quotient , his term for a scoring method for intelligence tests he advocated in a 1912 book. [1] When current IQ tests are developed, the median raw score of the norming sample is defined as IQ 100 and scores each standard deviation (SD) up or down are defined as 15 IQ points greater or less, [2] although this was not always so historically. By this definition, approximately two-thirds of the population scores an IQ between 85 and 115, and about 5 percent of the population scores above 125. [3] [4] |
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| 2013 |
329333 characters 45 sections 110 paragraphs 6 images 248 internal links 175 external links |
iq 0.721 intelligence 0.339 genes 0.119 heritability 0.119 0 0.118 variance 0.103 correlation 0.100 wechsler 0.094 binet 0.082 cognitive 0.077 flynn 0.077 fluid 0.075 genetic 0.065 psychological 0.062 tests 0.061 |
An intelligence quotient, or IQ, is a score derived from one of several standardized tests designed to assess intelligence . The abbreviation "IQ" comes from the German term Intelligenz-Quotient , originally coined by psychologist William Stern . When current IQ tests are developed, the median raw score of the norming sample is defined as IQ 100 and scores each standard deviation (SD) up or down are defined as 15 IQ points greater or less, although this was not always so historically. [1] By this definition, approximately 95 percent of the population scores an IQ between 70 and 130, which is within two standard deviations of the mean. |
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| 2012 |
305312 characters 47 sections 108 paragraphs 4 images 239 internal links 153 external links |
iq 0.733 intelligence 0.302 variance 0.124 heritability 0.120 0 0.119 wechsler 0.111 binet 0.094 correlation 0.094 genes 0.085 mental 0.083 flynn 0.077 iqs 0.077 explained 0.073 fluid 0.069 cognitive 0.066 |
An intelligence quotient, or IQ, is a score derived from one of several standardized tests designed to assess intelligence . The abbreviation "IQ" comes from the German term Intelligenz-Quotient , originally coined by psychologist William Stern . When modern IQ tests are devised, the mean (average) score within an age group is set to 100 and the standard deviation (SD) almost always to 15, although this was not always so historically. [1] Thus, the intention is that approximately 95% of the population scores within two SDs of the mean, i.e. has an IQ between 70 and 130. |
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| 2011 |
288530 characters 44 sections 108 paragraphs 5 images 249 internal links 143 external links |
iq 0.702 intelligence 0.360 variance 0.132 heritability 0.128 binet 0.126 0 0.118 wechsler 0.100 correlation 0.095 mental 0.089 flynn 0.082 genes 0.082 fluid 0.074 iqs 0.073 theory 0.072 explained 0.072 |
An intelligence quotient, or IQ, is a score derived from one of several different standardized tests designed to assess intelligence . When modern IQ tests are constructed, the mean (average) score within an age group is set to 100 and the standard deviation (SD) to 15. [1] Today almost all IQ tests adhere to the assignment of 15 IQ points to each standard deviation, but this has not been the case historically. Approximately 95% of the population have scores within two SDs of the mean, i.e., an IQ between 70 and 130. |
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| 2010 |
386905 characters 48 sections 99 paragraphs 4 images 275 internal links 238 external links |
3. The General Intelligence Factor (<i>g</i>) 5. Environmental and genetic influences and malleability |
iq 0.706 intelligence 0.377 variance 0.140 genes 0.130 heritability 0.113 binet 0.108 correlation 0.108 genetic 0.096 flynn 0.078 brain 0.078 environmental 0.077 fluid 0.077 childhood 0.072 psychologists 0.069 simon 0.069 |
An intelligence quotient, or IQ, is a score derived from one of several different standardized tests designed to assess intelligence . The term "IQ," from the German Intelligenz-Quotient, was devised by the German psychologist William Stern in 1912 as a proposed method of scoring children's intelligence tests such as those developed by Alfred Binet and Théodore Simon in the early 20th Century. [1] Lewis Terman accepted that form of scoring, expressing a score as a quotient of "mental age" and "chronological age," for his revision of the Binet-Simon test, [1] the first version of the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales . |
| 2009 |
265431 characters 35 sections 93 paragraphs 3 images 229 internal links 152 external links |
iq 0.700 intelligence 0.379 variance 0.149 binet 0.114 correlation 0.114 brain 0.094 heritability 0.088 al 0.086 environmental 0.086 0 0.082 flynn 0.078 childhood 0.074 genetic 0.074 genes 0.068 simon 0.068 |
An intelligence quotient , or IQ , is a score derived from one of several different standardized tests designed to assess intelligence . The term "IQ", from the German Intelligenz-Quotient , was devised by the German psychologist William Stern in 1912 [1] as a proposed method of scoring early modern children's intelligence tests such as those developed by Alfred Binet and Théodore Simon in the early 20th Century. [2] Although the term "IQ" is still in common use, the scoring of modern IQ tests such as the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale is now based on a projection of the subject's measured rank on the Gaussian bell curve with a center value (average IQ) of 100, and a standard deviation of 15, although different tests may have different standard deviations. |
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| 2008 |
227240 characters 35 sections 78 paragraphs 2 images 164 internal links 145 external links |
iq 0.742 intelligence 0.308 variance 0.153 correlation 0.116 genes 0.100 heritability 0.100 al 0.090 flynn 0.089 0 0.089 brain 0.085 environmental 0.081 childhood 0.077 genetic 0.077 colleagues 0.075 gene 0.067 |
An Intelligence Quotient or IQ is a score derived from one of several different standardized tests attempting to measure intelligence . The term "IQ," a calque of the German Intelligenz-Quotient , was coined by the German psychologist William Stern in 1912 as a proposed method of scoring early modern children's intelligence tests such as those developed by Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon in the early 20th Century. [1] Although the term "IQ" is still in common use, the scoring of modern IQ tests such as the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale is now based on a projection of the subject's measured rank on the Gaussian bell curve with a center value (average IQ) of 100, and a standard deviation of 15, although different tests may have different standard deviations. |
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| 2007 |
185944 characters 40 sections 100 paragraphs 3 images 175 internal links 64 external links |
iq 0.690 intelligence 0.306 mw 0.161 output 0.161 parser 0.161 cs1 0.145 variance 0.136 correlation 0.106 0 0.096 heritability 0.088 binet 0.083 lock 0.080 flynn 0.072 childhood 0.072 scores 0.072 |
An intelligence quotient or IQ is a score derived from one of several different standardized tests attempting to measure intelligence . The term "IQ," a translation of the German Intelligenz-Quotient , was coined by the German psychologist William Stern in 1912 as a proposed method of scoring early modern children's intelligence tests such as those developed by Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon in the early 20th Century. [1] Although the term "IQ" is still in common use, the scoring of modern IQ tests such as the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale is now based on a projection of the subject's measured rank on the Gaussian bell curve with a center value (average IQ) of 100, and a standard deviation of 15 (different tests have various standard deviations, the Stanford-Binet IQ test has a standard deviation of 16). |
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| 2006 |
187295 characters 39 sections 103 paragraphs 5 images 170 internal links 50 external links |
3. IQ and general intelligence factor 4. Influences of genetics and environment |
iq 0.779 intelligence 0.270 heritability 0.155 0 0.124 genetic 0.095 correlation 0.089 iqs 0.086 al 0.083 validity 0.074 tests 0.071 memory 0.069 brain 0.066 environmental 0.063 ability 0.062 job 0.059 |
An intelligence quotient or IQ is a score derived from a set of standardized tests of intelligence . Intelligence tests come in many forms, and some tests use a single type of item or question. Most tests yield both an overall score and individual subtest scores. Regardless of design, all IQ tests attempt to measure the same general intelligence . [1] Component tests are generally designed and selected because they are found to be predictive of later intellectual development, such as educational achievement. IQ also correlates with job performance, socioeconomic advancement, and "social pathologies". Recent work has demonstrated links between IQ and health, longevity, and functional literacy. [2] [3] |
| 2005 |
68183 characters 25 sections 71 paragraphs 2 images 109 internal links 35 external links |
4. IQ and General Intelligence Factor<i> 12. Economic development and IQ |
iq 0.744 intelligence 0.170 0 0.160 genetic 0.152 correlation 0.134 heritability 0.129 al 0.125 cognitive 0.117 validity 0.111 environmental 0.104 iqs 0.103 retardation 0.103 wisc 0.090 variation 0.088 variance 0.083 |
An intelligence quotient or IQ is a score derived from a set of standardized tests developed to measure a person's cognitive abilities (" intelligence ") in relation to their age group. An IQ test does not measure intelligence the way a ruler measures height (absolutely), but rather the way a race measures speed (relatively). For people living in the prevailing conditions of the developed world, IQ is highly heritable , and by adulthood the influence of family environment on IQ is undetectable. IQ test scores are correlated with measures of brain structure and function, as well as performance on simple tasks that anyone can complete within a few seconds. IQ is strongly correlated with academic success, but can also predict important life outcomes such as job performance, socioeconomic advancement, and "social pathologies". Recent work has demonstrated links between IQ and health, longevity, and functional literacy. |
| 2004 |
19272 characters 10 sections 17 paragraphs 0 images 32 internal links 13 external links |
iq 0.796 intelligence 0.174 normal 0.128 score 0.108 tests 0.100 scores 0.099 binet 0.096 cognitive 0.095 people 0.091 quotient 0.084 modern 0.079 factor 0.072 women 0.072 98th 0.070 extreme 0.070 |
IQ , an abbreviation for " intelligence quotient ", is a score derived from a set of standardized tests that were developed with the purpose of measuring a person's cognitive abilities (" intelligence ") in relation to their age group. It is expressed as a number normalized so that the average IQ in an age group is 100 — in other words an individual scoring 115 is above-average when compared to similarly aged people. It is common, but not invariable, practice to standardise so that the standard deviation (σ) of scores is 15. Tests are designed so that the distribution of IQ scores is more-or-less Gaussian , that is to say that it follows a bell curve. |
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| 2003 |
6633 characters 2 sections 11 paragraphs 0 images 23 internal links 3 external links |
iq 0.729 intelligence 0.285 people 0.114 110 0.113 scores 0.110 binet 0.097 tests 0.090 average 0.090 deviation 0.085 scoring 0.080 person 0.074 code 0.070 differs 0.070 plays 0.070 valued 0.070 |
IQ , an abbreviation for " intelligence quotient ", is a score derived from a set of standardized tests that were developed with the purpose of measuring a person's cognitive abilities in relation to one's age group. It is expressed as a number normalized so that the average IQ in an age group is 100—in other words an individual scoring 115 is above-average when compared to similarly aged people. It is usual, but not invariable, practice, to standardise so that the standard deviation (σ) of scores is 15. Tests are designed so that the distribution of IQ scores is more-or-less Gaussian , that is to say that it follows the bell curve. Scores on a given test in a given population have tended to rise across time throughout the history of IQ testing (the Flynn effect ), so that tests need repeated renormalisation if these standards are to be maintained. |
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| 2002 |
4230 characters 1 sections 7 paragraphs 0 images 8 internal links 2 external links |
iq 0.519 intelligence 0.427 binet 0.145 people 0.136 average 0.135 scoring 0.120 scores 0.115 differs 0.105 plays 0.105 valued 0.105 sound 0.105 summary 0.105 1904 0.105 aiming 0.105 assumption 0.105 |
IQ , an abbreviation for " intelligence quotient ", is a score derived from a set of standardized tests and is intended to measure general cognitive ability. It is expressed as a number normalized so that the average IQ in an age group is 100 -- in other words an individual scoring 115 is above-average when compared to similarly aged people. The distribution of IQ scores is more-or-less Gaussian , that is to say that it follows the bell curve. |
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| 2001 |
2711 characters 0 sections 13 paragraphs 0 images 2 internal links 0 external links |
iq 0.467 intelligence 0.366 people 0.175 average 0.173 scoring 0.154 differs 0.135 plays 0.135 valued 0.135 sound 0.135 summary 0.135 145 0.135 dimensional 0.135 persons 0.135 populace 0.135 profiles 0.135 |
IQ , an abbreviation for "intelligence quotient", is a score beliefed to measure general cognitive ability derived from a set of standardized tests . It is expressed as a number normalized so that the average IQ in an age group is 100 -- in other words an individual scoring 115 is above-average when compared to similarly aged people. The distribution of IQ scores is more-or-less Gaussian , that is it follows the famous "Bell curve". |